Showing posts with label history. Show all posts

Sex Scandalous: Renewing the Jefferson-Hemings Controversy



Not sure why anyone would want to wade into the swamp of 21st century sexual politics as seen through the prism of a coupling from the early 1800's, but .....a new book argues that the conventional wisdom (which is only 12 years old) that Thomas Jefferson fathered children with one of his slaves is R-O-N-G, wrong:

The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy: Report of the Scholars Commission, is a new look at a very old dispute, except this time the dozen scholars behind the book are disrupting years’ worth of research that suggests that Thomas Jefferson fathered children with his slave Sally Hemings.

The Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society, a group that seeks to defend Jefferson’s image, is behind the book, which documents the results of a yearlong research

inquiry by a dozen scholars across the nation working without compensation for the Heritage Society. Carolina Academic Press will release the 400-page book Thursday.

Ever since a 1998 DNA test was performed on Sally’s youngest child, Eston, scholars have thought for years that a Jefferson male, assumed to be Thomas

Jefferson, fathered the boy. But those tests didn’t even involve DNA from Thomas Jefferson and only established that Eston was probably fathered by any one of more than two dozen Jefferson men living in Virginia at the time, “The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy” asserts. In fact, the scholars point to Jefferson’s brother, Randolph, as the likely father of Hemings’ son.

The book also disputes accounts that Hemings’ children received special treatment from Jefferson, evidence some have used to suggest that the third president had a special relationship with Hemings. Neither Hemings nor her children received unusual privileges at Monticello, the scholars argue in the book. In fact, all of Hemings’ relations were not, in fact, given freedom at age 21, as is commonly believed.

Everything I've ever read about the DNA testing always mentions that Jefferson was never directly linked to Hemings's children, and that a number of Jefferson's male relatives could have done the deed. Nonetheless, the fact that a Founding Father had children with one of his slaves is one of those things that Everybody Knows, even though it is, at best, highly debatable and ultimately unknowable.


It's really too bad that the Hemings-Jefferson story has been reduced to a vehicle for neurotic 21st century obsessions with sex and race, because what we know for sure about their relationship illuminates much about slaves and their masters that has been lost to history. We may not know if Jefferson was Hemings's paramour, but we do know that her father was Jefferson's father-in-law. (and Hemings's mother also had a white father). In other words, Hemings was a half-sister to Jefferson's wife, and was half-white and half-black. And yet, under the rigid class structure of the South, Sally Hemings was born and died a slave, while Martha Wayles lived the privileged life of a planter's daughter and then wife. Really makes you realize why slavery was called the "peculiar institution."


(Even worse, regardless of who fathered Hemings's children, those kids were, by my count, 7/8ths white...yet the same rigid rules said they were slaves, while Jefferson's daughters were free).


In many ways, history remains a nightmare from which we are still awakening.


In Our Hands: Why Crime Hasn't Gone Up As the Economy Has Gone Down


James Q Wilson looks at a phenomenon that has surprised many people: crime rates have not gone up appreciably during the Little Depression. In fact, they continue to fall. Wilson sorts through a number of factors, (including a reduction in lead poisoning. give me a break), but concludes that a "change in culture" is what really lies behind this trend.
At the deepest level, many of these shifts, taken together, suggest that crime in the United States is falling—even through the greatest economic downturn since the Great Depression—because of a big improvement in the culture. The cultural argument may strike some as vague, but writers have relied on it in the past to explain both the Great Depression's fall in crime and the explosion of crime during the sixties. In the first period, on this view, people took self-control seriously; in the second, self-expression—at society's cost—became more prevalent. It is a plausible case.
I'll agree that American society and popular culture is much improved from the loose and tacky Sixties and Seventies when the Great Crime Wave swept the nation. Just as an example, try to find some old World Series footage from Yankee Stadium. People were storming the field, scrambling around wildly, and looking generally like an out-of-control mob. Or look at the infamous "Disco Demolition" at Comisky Park. People laugh about it now, but what you are seeing is a thuggish, depressing riot.

By contrast, when a city-wide blackout hit NYC in 2003 (I think that was to year), nobody rioted, or smashed windows, or looted stores. Everybody quietly and calmly walked across the bridges to get home, or stayed put, but otherwise behaved themselves. The contrast with the Murder City of two decades earlier was stark, albeit in a good way.

Wilson identifies a Sixties-era social dynamic of self-expression uber alles as being part of the crime wave. And, yeah, people were expressing themselves, but more important, society's guardians failed to lay down a fundamental rule: stay off my lawn. This found expression in a myriad of ways. The most obvious were the Warren Court's criminal procedure reforms, which were widely seen at the time by liberals as being part of the civil rights movement, and widely panned by "right wingers" and other normal people as giving the criminal class too many undeserved rights. Well the wingnuts were right about that one. Reading a Miranda warning to low-lifes had very little to with Rosa Parks. It only placed her and her neighbors in greater jeopardy (since most crimes, then and now, were committed in poor neighborhoods). Nixon was running as a tough on crime candidate as early as 1972. As late as 1988, Republicans could tag a Democrat as "soft on crime" and torpedo his slim chances for winning the presidency.

As important, there was an explosion of drug use at all levels of society. While narcotics have never been legal, there was a de facto decriminalization back in those days. The quintessential event of the era was Woodstock, where celebrations of LSD and marijuana were as important as the music. Much of the crime of the era was related to drug use, from selling and distributing to collateral crimes like stealing TV's to score some dope. Setting the crime part aside, drug use contributed to a breakdown in society because the drugs themselves caused their users to break down in one way over another.

Mostly, though, there was a failure of leadership, especially in urban areas. Liberals were in charge of the most crime ridden areas of the country, whether NYC, Detroit, DC, or what have you. No matter how many innocent people were victimized, they never seemed comfortable with the idea of sending the police into a crime zone to knock heads, make some arrests, and send people to prison. Instead, they preferred to lecture us about poverty and "root causes" and how legitimate fears about crime were a figment of suburbanites' racist imaginations (that's the Bowling For Columbine theory).

And, liberals still don't get it. Just this week, the liberal wing of the Supreme Court ordered California to release tens of thousands of prisoners from its "overcrowded" prisons, a back door way of eviscerating California's effective and popular 3-Strikes initiative, which is based on the crazy theory that if you lock up criminals, you will have less crime.

The liberal approach to crime prevention, then and now, has been twofold: first, give us a ton of money so we can attack the "root causes" of crime by redistributing wealth downward. Second, restrain the police so they can no longer unfairly "target" minority communities. Unsurprisingly, this did not result in any reduction in crime, but rather to a disastrous increase. It took decades to dig ourselves out, but liberals seem hellbent to throw us back down.




The Lost City: Finding Atlantis


This got lost in the shuffle over the weekend, but someone out there claims to have found, not only the fabled lost city of Atlantis, but also a series of smaller cities built in imitation after its destruction.

NORTHAMPTON, Mass (Reuters) – A U.S.-led research team may have finally located the lost city of Atlantis, the legendary metropolis believed swamped by a tsunami thousands of years ago in mud flats in southern Spain.

"This is the power of tsunamis," head researcher Richard Freund told Reuters.

"It is just so hard to understand that it can wipe out 60 miles inland, and that's pretty much what we're talking about," said Freund, a University of Hartford, Connecticut, professor who lead an international team searching for the true site of Atlantis.

To solve the age-old mystery, the team used a satellite photo of a suspected submerged city to find the site just north of Cadiz, Spain. There, buried in the vast marshlands of the Dona Ana Park, they believe that they pinpointed the ancient, multi-ringed dominion known as Atlantis.

The team of archeologists and geologists in 2009 and 2010 used a combination of deep-ground radar, digital mapping, and underwater technology to survey the site.

Freund's discovery in central Spain of a strange series of "memorial cities," built in Atlantis' image by its refugees after the city's likely destruction by a tsunami, gave researchers added proof and confidence, he said.

Atlantis residents who did not perish in the tsunami fled inland and built new cities there, he added.

The team's findings will be unveiled on Sunday in "Finding Atlantis," a new National Geographic Channel special.

While it is hard to know with certainty that the site in Spain in Atlantis, Freund said the "twist" of finding the memorial cities makes him confident Atlantis was buried in the mud flats on Spain's southern coast.

"We found something that no one else has ever seen before, which gives it a layer of credibility, especially for archeology, that makes a lot more sense," Freund said.

The flake factor on Atlantis discoveries is usually pretty high, but Freund and his team claim to have found, not just the city, but also a series of smaller cities that echo Atlantis' multi-ringed design. If true, that's incredible enough even without the Atlantis angle.

We know so little of the ancient world, but there is plenty of tantalizing evidence that there really was a city of Atlantis that was destroyed by flood. The biggest Atlantis booster was Plato who wrote extensively about the city and clearly believed that it existed. Less well known is that Solon spent years working on a history of Atlantis, at least according to Plutarch. And you may recall a story from last year about a new theory that the Mediterranean Sea was formed by a catastrophic flood from the Atlantic Ocean pouring into a previously dry valley.

Read enough ancient sources, and you realize that the ancients were aware of an world more ancient than theirs. We now know that Minos and Troy existed, and that the legends described as happening there actually occurred, at least to some degree. Atlantis may well give up its secrets, yet.



Happy President's Day


If you can read this, hug a President



We've had 44 of 'em and no matter how great or how low each one might have been, they either left on schedule and without protest, or were carried out on their shields. That's how we roll, constitutionally speaking.


The Year of the Constitution


Great essay from Kyle-Ann Shriver - 2010: The Year They Came For the Constitution
As 2010 fades into history, no living, sentient American will remember the year as anything other than the year when progressives came for the Constitution. And the same year in which the same Constitution provided for elections in the 50 states. The people exercised their constitutional right to vote many of the would-be tyrants out on their disgusting derrieres.
I have a shocking confession to make. While I have been voting Republican since I was 22 years old (don't ask me about my misbegotten votes for Dukakis and Ted Kennedy back when I lived in Boston in 1988, please), up until this year, I had been registered as a Democrat. The reason was so I could vote in the City's primaries, the only way I could have my voice heard in local politics. I've always been a little embarrassed by this, but took heart from the fact that the Prince of Darkness himself, Bob Novak, registered as a Dem for the same reason when he moved to DC after his kids had left home.

Anyway, after Obamacare passed, I re-registered as a Republican the next day. So disgusted was I, not only by the lying and cheating of Obamacare's proponent, but also by the near-coordination by the White House, the Congress, the media, and the academy in arguing for its passage, that I decided even voting in a local primary for state assemblyman was too much; that the corrupt Big Government stink would rub off even then.

The fact is, after this year, there is no way I would vote for or support a Democrat for office at any level, in any capacity, at any time, under any circumstance. Henceforth, I will vote for dead people, felons, and Oliver North before I will ever think of voting for a Democrat. Call it epistemic closure, if you want. I don't care. Democrats have definitively shown themselves to be more concerned with centralized government more so than with the Constitution or the free market, not to mention the consequences of their own legislative actions. I'll have nothing to do with them.


Locked Down: San Francisco's Growing Historic Districts


I've written before about San Francisco's (and California's) tendency towards overrating and over-celebrating their "history." The fact is that modern California history began in 1849, which is not that long ago. By contrast, Englishmen were building permanent settlements on the East Coast during Shakespeare's lifetime. If, like me, you grew up in Virginia, you go on field trips to Civil War battlefields and Founding Father plantations. If you're a kid in SF, your field trips are visits to Spanish Missions (most of them are modern buildings built on the sites of old missions) and Indian burial grounds. Big whoop. The latest effort at preserving useless history is in San Francisco's South of Market area, or what my Dad used to call "Bumtown"

The buildings lining the lone block of Sumner Street in San Francisco's South of Market district will never be mistaken for the Painted Ladies of Alamo Square.

The entrance off Howard Street is flanked by two-story warehouses from the 1920s, one concrete and one brick. The alley itself displays small buildings of various styles, including a one-story wooden home from 1906 with columns framing the door and a huge bay window.

Yet 11 buildings on the block, and 467 more on the blocks around it, are deemed "contributors" to what could become the city's largest historic district - a collection with few obvious landmarks that instead offers clues to the blue-collar city of the past.

This and similar landscapes deserve such attention; for too long they were taken for granted. The double-edged sword is that new layers of protections could undermine the varied architectural character that makes such areas distinct.

In the case of the proposed Western SoMa Light Industrial and Residential Historic District, that character is easy to miss.

The rational is that SOMA's buildings are part of the City's "blue collar" history. Maybe. But, we're talking about an area filled with warehouses, flophouses, and dive bars. There are some stray urban hipsters living there, but mostly it's bums and low-income housing types. And if SF cares about its "blue collar" history, why does the City otherwise pursue policies - high tax, high, environmental regs, rent control - that are practically designed to drive blue collar jobs out? Mostly, though, I don't think any of the proponents for this "historic" district can identify what historically important events or persons are linked to the site. At the bare minimum, the standard for preserving any building should be: is there a PhD thesis attached to this site?

Of course, the point of declaring this useless area "historic" is not so the City can fill it up with historic re-enactors playacting as Wobblies and longshoremen. It's to stop the dreaded "development," and SOMA is a place that is perpetually ripe for development, but which always seems to miss the development bus, mostly because busybody progressives declare SOMA to be off-limits for one reason or another. During the Internet Bubble era, for example, there was a big local stink over the construction of a few condo-lofts in the area, some of the few nice areas in SOMA and thus thoroughly objectionable.

Historic or not, the place is an eyesore. If SOMA was truly historic, locals would have "preserved" it on their own. You don't need some mayoral proclamation declaring the place to be "historic."



Standing Athwart Progress Yelling "STOP!": The Palo Alto Tree v High Speed Rail


Despite the parlous state of California's finances, it's full speed ahead on the high speed rail project. We already know it's going to cost tens of billions of dollars. We also know that it will end up costing more than anyone will admit. And if this headline is repeated down the length of the state, we all know that our grandchildren will be in their dotage before the final spike is nailed: Historic Tree Stands In The Way of High Speed Rail.

Towering 10 stories above the banks of San Francisquito Creek, the El Palo Alto redwood predates the U.S. Constitution by more than 800 years. It is widely believed to have been a campsite for explorer Gaspar de Portola when he discovered San Francisco Bay in 1769.

It has endured everything from ecological changes to economic shifts, all of which left marks on the ecology of this venerable tree. Now it’s entangled in the debate over high-speed rail.

The tree stands within 10 feet of existing Caltrain tracks between the Menlo Park and Palo Alto stations, with commuter trains passing by 90 times every weekday. Initial plans by the California High-Speed Rail Authority called for widening the tracks to accommodate the new rail line, which would put the tree in jeopardy. Proposed alternatives included a trench or raised track.

To be sure, critics cite many reasons for their opposition, including the costs. But in Palo Alto and neighboring communities, the tree has become a budding symbol for why high-speed rail — approved by a majority of the state’s voters in 2008 — needs to be evaluated carefully. Dave Dockter, Palo Alto city arborist and current steward of the tree, said, “I think all of the alternatives have a potentially significant and catastrophic potential to impact the El Palo Alto redwood.”

There's a good example of why California is bankrupt. This tree has its own steward, while I don't even have a manservant. Talk about a misallocation of resources!

More important, it's a good example of how California's inflated sense of self leads to absurd results such as a "historic" tree - did it run for president, or something? - standing in the way of a rail project that the state can't afford; would replace an already cheap, speedy form of transport (it's called an airplane); and would be going through some of the least developed, sparsely populated land in the country (the idea that CA is a densely populated, over-developed place is a myth. Most of the state is rural, if not wilderness). Bonus gag: there's already a rail line going by the tree.

The fact is that California has some of the least historically significant territory in the country. Maybe it's my East Coast bias, but I lived in Northern Virginia for many years. Half the Civil War was fought within a two hour drive of my house. And some scolds in Palo Alto are worried about a tree? Get a grip.


History & Style: The Secrets of the Cadillac


In the midst of a cheeky deprecation of the Cadillac Catera, Car Lust explains the origins of the Cadillac logo. It's obviously some bit of imported heraldry, but the meaning behind the logo has its own fascination, and gives you an idea of the vast mental gulf that separate the founders of GM and the MP's who are running the company now:
The shield in Cadillac's traditional shield-in-a-wreath emblem uses the actual coat of arms of the man the car was named after, Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, the French nobleman who founded the city of Detroit. In the upper left and lower right quadrants of the shield, there's a trio of black, duck-like birds. The official term for them in heraldry is "merlettes." Merlettes are a symbol of the Holy Trinity, and their presence in the coat of arms indicates that someone in old Antoine's family tree did something brave in one of the Crusades.
Ducks on the Cadillac logo?? I didn't believe it until I took a walk around the neighborhood to find a 15 year old Caddy. Whaddaya know! There really were ducks on the logo! (the "modern" logo, of course, has substituted some Mondrian-style black bars for the little guys).

Albert Sloan and co. may have been rapacious industrialists who helped pave America and destroy the planet. But, they also had a sense of history and style that allowed them to grab and hold the public's imagination. They were "car guys" in the best sense of the word, and it is clear that they would have had no place in the modern GM. Too bad because they could do the one thing that is in short supply right now: sell a lot of cars.





Good Points


A lot of good points being made across the Blogosphere today:

Republicans ecstatic over the anti-Obamacare results in Missouri should temper their enthusiasm, since the status quo was and remains unsustainable. Repeal will not be enough. If Americans want to "keep" their current health care, they need to accept that they will have to actually pay for it. (Cafe Hayek)

Just because someone is a left-wing historian with an axe to grind, doesn't mean their research lacks merit. US involvement in the Korean Peninsula during the Cold War has actually inspired some useful historical writing from progressive types, as the "official" record has been hopelessly white washed. (Marginal Revolution)

The Obama Administration's approach to the "Birther" issue - mockery, combined with deliberate opaqueness that only encourages further "questions" - has had the opposite of its intended effect. The number of people who aren't sure whether Obama was born in the US is at 58%, at least in one poll. (Legal Insurrection)

In the wake of the Crash of '08, the US needs to do more than pass regulatory "reform," or build up balance sheets. Its regulators, finance pros, and ratings agencies need to rebuild their tattered reputations, or see themselves replaced by foreign competitors more willing to make bearish (i.e. rational) calls on US financials. (Ampontan)

American media outlets may be more numerous than ever, but they keep failing to report the same stories; namely that New Age/Leftist ideas and philosophies can be just as destructive and anti-human as anything you could point to on the Right. (The Macho Response)

Liberals like Paul Krugman claim to hate deflation because it creates a "downward spiral" that is hard to get out of. The truth is they hate the benefits of deflation: debt becomes more expensive, savings increase, and private capital formation encourages self-determination. So much easier if liberals could just artificially goose the economy with "stimulus" and zero per cent interest rates, and then inflate away all of the debt that their schemes generate. (Market Ticker)

If you are in New York City and want to talk to beautiful women, you need a Vespa and some blue shoes. At least that's what you need this summer. (The Sartorialist)

There's no scandal quite like a Republican bikini scandal. Apparently, the Left thinks this will kick off some sort of hypocrisy buzz. What they don't realize is that Republican bikini scandals remind people that the hot women are all on the right side of the aisle. (The Other McCain)


While we can all put on an appropriately glum face on the anniversary on Hiroshima, it's worthy of comment that civilian battlefield deaths among our allies, including one battle that took place on American soil, have been forgotten despite their exceeding the toll from the atomic bomb. (The Belmont Club)





Happy Fourth of July





Have a great holiday! (image via Pat Dollard)



The Battle of Gettysburg



Today is the 147th anniversary of the end of the Battle of Gettysburg. History has tended to linger over the tragedy of Pickett's Charge, the "late" JEB Stuart, the defeat of Robert E Lee (D), and of course the high water mark of the Lost Cause. Comparatively little is known of the men in Blue (R), yet a visit to the Pennsylvania Monument tells the tale. These were great men, who fought just as hard, and as well, as their Southern counterparts. The only difference: they won.



The Monument, btw, includes a charming plaque stating that the soldiers were presenting the monument to the ladies of Pennsylvania who sacrificed so much during the war. Gettysburg, like few sites in the US, brought out the best in America - from the Gettysburg Address down to the tip-of-the-hat gentility towards the Home Front - even as it saw some of America's worst days.

And, dare I point out the vast gulf that separates the men of the 19th century who died to make men free; and the men (and women) of the 21st century who seem intent on grasping every scrap of "stimulus," "bailout" and "social justice" available? All in the name of (language abuse alert) "equality?" I've never been one to say that our best days are behind us, but certainly some of our better days are.



Ugh

Squeaky Fromme is being paroled after serving 33 years in prison for her attempted assassination of Gerald Ford at the Capitol Building in Sacramento. I don't approve: Squeaky Fromme To Be Paroled

Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme, the waif-like Charles Manson follower who tried to shoot President Gerald Ford outside the Capitol in Sacramento in 1975, will be released from prison as early as Aug. 14, authorities said today.

Fromme, now 60, has been serving a life sentence in Texas. A federal parole board granted her parole last year, but her release was delayed because she got extra time after trying to escape from a West Virginia facility in 1987.

Northern California was not kind to Ford, as he survived a second attempted assassination just 17 days later in San Francisco. Sarah Jane Moore was also a Manson acolyte and is (I think) still in prison.

It's unclear why the Manson Family was gunning for Ford. Fromme's "insights" on the matter failed to provide much-needed clarity:
She once denounced the president in an interview with the Associated Press, saying, "If Nixon's reality, wearing a new Ford face, continues to run the country against the law, our homes will be bloodier than the Tate-LaBianca houses and My Lai put together."

Yes, kids, people used to talk like that back then. PJ O'Rourke - or maybe Dave Barry? - once joked that 21st century grandkids would have to cope with aging Baby Boomers having "Nixon fits." It seemed funny at the time, but that was before Bush Derangement Symdrome kicked in.

It's hard to imagine what Fromme is like now. She was clearly a troubled, if not disturbed, young woman who wasn't quite crazy enough to qualify for an insanity defense, although the fact that she represented herself at trial probably didn't help. Not sure why she's being paroled now. Is she sick? Is it because Ford died? Whatever it is, I sincerely hope there will be no tearful media appearances. If would-be presidential assassains can now be paroled, can we at least agree to ignore them once they're out?

We Were Solders Once...And Young

Robert McNamara's death has elicited the predictable round of naval-gazing and pompous denunciations of America's misbegotten adventures in Viet Nam. McNamara has been such a lightning rod for so long, it's easy to forget that he was a Big Government liberal who served in the JFK and LBJ Administrations that gave us the New Frontier (whatever that was) and the Great Society (sadly, we know what this was). McNamara's epitaph was written decades ago, and has been all too predictable: Robert S McNamara, Architect of a Futile War, Dead at 93

Robert S. McNamara, the forceful and cerebral defense secretary who helped lead the nation into the maelstrom of Vietnam and spent the rest of his life wrestling with the war’s moral consequences, died Monday at his home in Washington. He was 93.

His wife, Diana, said Mr. McNamara died in his sleep at 5:30 a.m., adding that he had been in failing health for some time.

Mr. McNamara was the most influential defense secretary of the 20th century. Serving Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson from 1961 to 1968, he oversaw hundreds of military missions, thousands of nuclear weapons and billions of dollars in military spending and foreign arms sales. He also enlarged the defense secretary’s role, handling foreign diplomacy and the dispatch of troops to enforce civil rights in the South.

“He’s like a jackhammer,” Johnson said. “No human being can take what he takes. He drives too hard. He is too perfect.”

As early as April 1964, Senator Wayne Morse, Democrat of Oregon, called Vietnam “McNamara’s War.” Mr. McNamara did not object. “I am pleased to be identified with it,” he said, “and do whatever I can to win it.” Half a million American soldiers went to war on his watch. More than 16,000 died; 42,000 more would fall in the seven years to come.

The war became his personal nightmare. Nothing he did, none of the tools at his command — the power of American weapons, the forces of technology and logic, or the strength of American soldiers — could stop the armies of North Vietnam and their South Vietnamese allies, the Vietcong. He concluded well before leaving the Pentagon that the war was futile, but he did not share that insight with the public until late in life.

If you did not grow up in the Sixties, it can be very difficult to learn the history of the Viet Nam War in the same straight forward manner you may learn about WW2 or the Civil War. The excuse is always that the "passions of the era" are still too raw. The truth is that liberals have been trying to obscure their igniminious behavior throughout the War. Viet Nam was a liberal's war. They started it. Then, they waged it so poorly that we were declared to have "lost" (but, not really). And, finally, liberals were the ones who abandoned our South Vietnamese allies to their fate. The Greatest Generation liberals lost the war, while the Baby Boomer liberals burned flags to protest the war. Both groups have tried desperately to blame Nixon, Kissenger, Westmoreland, McNamara, anyone but themselves for the war's disasters. For decades after, a US soldier couldn't flick off his safety in a foreign country without Ted Kennedy, or whoever, intoning that "America cannot fight another Viet Nam." In Viet Nam, liberals were revealed to be, almost simultaneously, as bellicose and treasonous, pro-war and anti-war, sanctimoneous and sniveling.

I can remember back in 1995 when McNamara wrote his book "atoning" for his errors in conducting the war, and claiming outrageously that he hadn't thought it was winnable, even as he was leading the massive escalations that turned a police action into a land war. MacNeil/Lehrer had a panel discussion featuring, among others, John McCain and George McGovern. McCain - who, remember was one of the young men fighting the "unwinnable war" whom McNamara was supposedly wasting - was the soul of equnimity, saying that too much time had passed for him to feel any anger towards McNamara. George McGovern, meanwhile, acted like it was 1972, intoning over and over again "If I had been president..." and telling us what he would have done differently. Finally, McCain, who had been doing a slow boil, snapped, "If you had been elected president, I would still be there!" McGovern shut the hell up after that. If only we could do that everyday...

By my count, McNamara's life saw three betrayals. He betrayed the American public by waging a war so poorly that the American military - which had defeated the Japanese Empire 20 years earlier - was unable to defeat a poor country like Viet Nam. He betrayed the soldiers, sailors and airmen who fought and died under his watch by announcing decades later that he never thought the war was winnable (Nixon was to prove him wrong). He betrayed our erstwhile allies in South Viet Nam by befriending the detestable General Giap late in life.

There was little in the man that was admirable. And there is little that is admirable in the people trying to bury him with the anti-war slogans of 40 years ago, rather than wonder how a "whiz kid" Big Government liberal could have gone so terribly wrong.

The Cavaliers

Today is a big day in American history: the 146th anniversary of the start of the Battle
of Gettysburg. The men who fought there knew that, for the Southern Cause at least, this was its last chance to go on the offensive and end the war. But, everything had to go perfectly and, as in any war, nothing went perfectly, especially for the Confederates.

One of the greatest questions during the campaign, and one that has been chewed over by historians and history buffs is: what happened to JEB Stuart, and why didn't Lee use the cavalry units he had available? Well, the fellows at Rantings of a Civil War Historian have come up with what may be the definitive answer. Here's just a taste: Confederate Cavalry at Gettysburg:

Stuart marched on June 25 with three brigades, Hampton, Fitz Lee, and Rooney Lee’s brigade, now commanded by Col. John R. Chambliss, Jr. of the 13th Virginia Cavalry after Rooney’s wounding at Brandy Station. Stuart gave very specific orders to Robertson that his brigade and Jones’ brigade were to guard the mountain passes until the ANV had passed, and that they were then to follow the army north into Pennsylvania. Robertson failed miserably and did not arrive in Gettysburg until the morning of July 3. Had Robertson obeyed his orders, he would have arrived in time to lead the advance of Hill’s and Longstreet’s Corps as they advanced from the direction of Chambersburg. Unfortunately, Robertson ranked Jones, meaning that Robertson ended up in command of the two brigades, and not Jones. I firmly believe that had Jones been in command of this task force–rather than Robertson–things would have been very different indeed, as Jones would have been much more aggressive and much more diligent about seeing that the column moved with alacrity. It’s not a big surprise that Robertson was relieved of command after the Gettysburg Campaign and that he never commanded troops in the field again after his miserable failures during the campaign.

(snip)

In short, then, had Robertson obeyed Stuart’s orders, there would have been two full brigades of cavalry with the main body of the Army of Northern Virginia. Jenkins’ brigade was with Ewell and was actively engaged. Imboden’s command was not summoned by Lee, who made a conscious choice not to utilize those men.

History's shorthand is that "Stuart was late." The truth is a lot more complicated; a combination of untried troops, incompetent subordinates, rivalries between commanders, and the wrong man being put in charge simply because he outranked the better one. And the kicker: there WAS Confederate cavalry at Gettysburg from the opening shots, but Lee didn't want to use them. At the hingepoint of history, every man must do his duty, but there's always one dumb son of a bitch who doesn't get the word (in the immortal words of JFK). Luckily for us, the dumb sons of bitches were on the southern side that day.

The complete analysis is at the link. It's worth your time.

UPDATE: there's no buff like a Civil War buff. Rantings has a list of their 10 favorite books about the Battle of Gettysburg. His capsule review for David G. Martin's, Gettysburg, July 1. begins: "I'm a first day guy. It's by far my favorite part of the battle." Now, THAT'S a connoisseur!

Don't Trust Anyone Over 30

San Francisco likes to revel in its self-proclaimed rep as a hotbed of cutting edge, avant-garde art. So, it's funny how many of SF's leading lights are decades-old institutions, with the Sixties the decade to which many trace their origins. Now, the SF Mime Troop - an agit-prop satirical theater group with an undeserved reputation for humor and political insight is celebrating its 50th - yes, 50th - anniversary. That's 50 years of cursing, giant puppet heads, and screeching diatribes about NixonReaganLimbaughGingrichBushPalin. SF Mime Troupe Turns 50

Few American performance companies can boast such longevity, let alone small troupes with no endowment. Who would've thought that an avant-garde arts experiment would become one of the nation's best-known companies within its first decade? That it would launch careers as diverse as those of Peter Coyote, Shabaka and Bill Graham? That a gritty anti-establishment troupe would win a Tony award? Or that mimes could be this vocal?

Actually, the Mime Troupe has hardly ever been silent. From the first performance in 1959 of what was then the R.G. Davis Mime Studio and Troupe - "Mime and Words" - founder Davis tried to signal a distinction between his work and silent mimes like Marcel Marceau. Davis, who studied with Marceau's teacher Étienne Decroux, worked with physically based, or mimetic, acting. Through decades of performing commedia dell'arte and original musicals in the parks, the Mime Troupe has made lots of noise.

It's also changed considerably over the years. Davis' Mime Troupe embodied the progressive turbulence of the '60s, spreading its cultural and political influence on tour. Davis left in 1970 and the company became a collective, as it still is. The troupe of the next three decades, though it continued to tour and mount indoor shows until funding dried up, is best known for its rousing park shows by Holden, director Dan Chumley and composer Bruce Barthol. The 21st century Troupe, exemplified by actor-playwright Michael Gene Sullivan and actors Ed Holmes and Velina Brown, keeps up the struggle to sharpen the collective's message through its summer shows.

"I think the Mime Troupe's job has always been to challenge the accepted stories of American-style capitalism," Sullivan says, taking a break from rehearsals for the customary Fourth of July opening in Dolores Park. The new musical, "Too Big to Fail," focuses on the national addiction to credit, using fables told by a traditional African storyteller to explore "an economy that needs us to be indebted consumers


No one goes to see the Mime Troupe to be enlightened. They just want to see their progressive politics affirmed. Another 50 years should be no problem.

Hello Darkness My Old Friend

Here's a sad story about one of the many young people who came to San Francisco in the Sixties looking for adventure and found much more than they were bargaining for. Idealists Slaying In '71 Still Haunts Today.

Mary Alice Willey arrived in San Francisco in 1969.

She was 21 years old, the product of a conservative Southern California family, newly divorced and ready to experience life in the free-wheeling Haight-Ashbury district.

She rented an attic apartment and enrolled at San Francisco State, where she eagerly participated in the civil rights and anti-Vietnam War sit-ins and demonstrations.

Then Mary Alice discovered the black power movement.


In movies about the Sixties, this is the moment when the soundtrack cues up "I Want To Take You Higher," or, if the rights are avaiable, "What's Going On."

She became a strident devotee of George Jackson, the charismatic but militant San Quentin inmate who had gained international fame for his best-selling prison classic, "Soledad Brother." She wrote letters to Black Panther Johnny Spain, who was also incarcerated at San Quentin.

And she began associating with members of the Black Liberation Army, a violent offshoot of the Black Panthers that would become implicated in the Aug. 29, 1971, killing of a police officer at San Francisco's Ingleside Station. There is reason to believe that Mary Alice may have played a role in the attack and the slaying of Sgt. John V. Young.

That's the problem with the "idealists" beloved of the Sixties' marketers. Their "idealism" could easily turn violent. In Mary's case, she was not just hanging out with Black Panthers, she was also sexually involved with a typical type found in the Haight to this day: the thug who mouths just enough hippie blather to get into as many girls' pants as possible. Ah, innocense! And idealism!

Most girls, of course, survive their run-ins with the world's Bad Boys, allowing for a lifetime of rueful smiles while lunching with their friends. But, Mary found a darker end:

But less than two weeks after the attack on Ingleside Station, Mary Alice disappeared, never to be heard from again.

Thirty-seven years would pass before an investigator with the Stanislaus County Sheriff's Department would determine that an unidentified body found floating in a canal near Modesto on Sept. 11, 1971, was Mary Alice.

She had been stabbed 65 times. Ten of the wounds were fatal, the rest defensive. Her body had been buried in the Patterson District Cemetery. Atop her grave was a beige stone that said, simply, "Jane Doe."

There's an old saying that God takes care of drunks, young children, and pretty girls, but it doesn't often work that way.

The Sex, Drugs & Rock and Roll Revolution in Sixties-era San Francisco may well be one of the most overwritten pieces of history in modern times, yet the truth of its effects has never been adequately explored. People love to talk about the "idealism" of middle class kids traveling to SF to hang-out with thugs masquerading as revolutionaries. It's rare to hear a negative word about the overdoses, the homelessness, the rapes, the occasional murders, and the disease that were part of the "San Francisco experience" back then. Even a story like that of the murder of Mary Alice Wiley comes couched in the BS language of Sixties hagiogaphy - "idealists," "die-hard militants," the treatment of criminals like George Jackson as noble revolutionaries. Please. The Black Panthers and their ilk killed a lot of people - many of them naive white progressives who supported their "cause," whatever that was. They also ripped off a lot of people, both in terms of money and politics. And yet to raise these issues, and to try to prosecute these murderers is to invite scandal and opprobrium. There are plenty of prominent people in the Bay Area - Ron Dellums and Barbara Lee come to mind - who carry a lot of secrets, and yet maintain the silence of Left-Wing Omerta.

The continued reverence for the "revolutionary" Sixties tells you everything you need to know about the Left's values and intentions.

NIMBY Historians

San Francisco progressives are always bragging about how they are the hip vanguard of the future. But they have a nasty habit of trying to trap present conditions in amber, so that residents can do little to improve their living and working conditions. Historic Preservation Plan Won't Save SF

Aaron Peskin swears he isn't trying to "shrink wrap the city" and designate virtually every building in San Francisco an untouchable historical site. Yet that's the allegation from those opposed to the former Board of Supervisors president's efforts to rewrite two parts of the city Planning Code.

Peskin's proposal would make it easier to declare a neighborhood a historic district, and states that buildings that "contribute" to the historic significance should be made nearly impossible to change, tear down or renovate. To be considered a contributing resource, the building only has to be "present during the period of historical significance."

These so-called contributing buildings could not be "demolished," and the definition of what constitutes demolition is incredibly broad. If 25 percent of a building's facade is removed, or 50 percent of the floor, the building would be considered demolished.

This is all important because the conventional wisdom is that San Francisco will soon be declaring many neighborhoods historical districts, which means that these restrictions would automatically apply. Almost any building in the city could conceivably qualify as a "contributing" structure.

Far be it from me to question Peskin's noble intentions, but this looks like a progressive's version of NIMBY-ism, an attempt to protect existing property values by making it impossible to build or rehabilitate housing.

There are a lot of beautiful buildings in SF. But there are also a lot of run-down ones as well. People like looking at pretty fascades. They don't like living in crowded flats with 5 college graduates sharing a bathroom that was built in 1920. But that is the situation in many SF neighborhoods because the preservationist mentality makes it so difficult to renovate and rehabilitate "historic" buildings. Historic in what way? Shouldn't there at least be a PhD dissertation associated with a building before it is declared historic? Is the Sunset going to be declared historic? How about the Outer Mission? Is Stonestown historic? It was one of the earliest "gallerias," after all. I could go on all day.

Of course, San Franciscans have a habit of celebrating events and persons of dubious historic value. Check out this rant, which demands that SF preserve a room where a Depression-era strike was organized: Don't Raise Hall Where It All Began

We the longshore unions of the Bay Area would like to clarify a number of issues concerning the proposal to tear down our founding headquarters at 113 Steuart St. in San Francisco. Federal, state and city laws protect significantly historic sites such as 113 Steuart St.

This nationally important historic site must be preserved for the working people of San Francisco and the United States. On the 75th anniversary of the West Coast Maritime and San Francisco General Strike, which shook the world, developers are proposing to demolish our birthplace.

It was from this union hall that Harry Bridges and the Maritime Strike Committee organized, led and won the battle for union rights and recognition. This hall was the center of the three-month Waterfront Maritime Strike. It was ground zero on Bloody Thursday, July 5, 1934, when police and deputies, following orders, shot scores of union members, and where Howard Sperry was martyred (in front of the adjoining building).


Yammer. Yammer. Yammer. No matter how old my grandmother got, you could always get her going by bringing up Harry Bridges. He may have been a hero to some, but to a lot of his contemporaries, he was a commuist subversive who tried to wreck SF's economy through riots and mob violence. My grandmother never stopped saying that Bridges "ruined San Francisco." His proponents (Howard Zinn is a big fan) often credit him with bringing the counter-culture to SF. You mean we can blame him for drugs, bad Beat Poetry, bathhouses, and the Grateful Dead?

All of this shows how little history has actually happened in SF. Maybe that's just my East Coast bias; but, where I grew up (Northern Virginia) people argued over preserving Civil War battlefields where thousands were killed in the cause of freedom. But a bunch of goofs going on strike and wrecking SF's status as a working port? Color me unmoved.

The Adult Perspective

TigerHawk offers a more balanced, thoughtful perspective on the AIG bonuses, in contrast to the fake "populist" anger from the president and the real populist anger from everyone else. At the end he offers this bit of chastisement for our weak willed political class: 

 Why was there so much capital that needed to be invested? Because politicians and central bankers the world over responded to every relatively minor contraction in the last twenty-five years (the Crash of '87, the real estate/S&L bust of the early nineties, the Asian crisis of the late nineties, the post 9/11 recession, and so forth) with more easy money. At every turn our solution to economic discomfort has been to create even more credit rather than to deflate the smaller bubbles that built up. The result is that credit has been growing faster than the world's economy -- an inherently unsustainable condition -- for most of a quarter of a century. We are paying the price today for having made the political decision to avoid or mitigate recessions past with more credit. (For more on this, read George Cooper's crisp and accessible The Origin of Financial Crises: Central Banks, Credit Bubbles, and the Efficient Market Fallacy, which I recommend without reservation.)
Exactly right. No one remembers this now, but the mild recession in the early 1990's was shamelessly demagogued into the "worst economy since (wait for it) the Great Depression." True, there was a crash in real estate prices (hmmm) and a run on S&L's (hmmmm) that resulted in gov't intervention (hmmmmmmm). But most of the country skated through  just fine. Same with the recession that followed the tech crash and 9/11. In fact, until Dems started bitching about all the reckless greed and "illusiory wealth" of the Bush years, they were bitching and moaning about the "jobless recovery!"

It's human nature to want everything to be perfect forever. It's human nature to fear losing your job after watching a portentious news story on CNN about the "struggling middle class." Politicians will inevitably cater to this. The last time I can remember someone making a "hard" economic choice (as opposed to the "soft" one of easy credit) was Ronald Reagan and Paul Volker when they raised interest rates to beat inflation back in the early-eighties. That was the right thing to do, but there was a huge amount of caterwauling at the time. Bruce Springsteen, for one, is still bitching about it. To make those sorts of decisions and stick with them requires the fortitude of Reagan, something the likes of Bush 41, Bill Clinton, and Bush 43* seem to have been lacking.  

*this is not a commentary on the entire W presidency, which featured huge amounts of fortitude in war, just not in economics.

Lies About History & The History Of Lies

The WSJ has an interesting essay of "progressive originalism," 
So-called progressive originalism departs from the conservative strain by shifting focus from the 18th-century constitutional text to the three Reconstruction amendments ratified after the Civil War. The 13th, 14th and 15th amendments radically altered the structure of American federalism, elevating federal power over that of the states, and giving individual rights pre-eminence.
The short and medium term goal of going back to the original intent of the Civil War amendments is to revive the lost power of the 14th Amendment. Its framers had intended the "Privileges & Immunities" Clause to serve as a sort of protection of fundamental rights against . But, the "Slaughterhouse Cases" in the 1870's (unknown today, but notorious in the legal community) interpreted away the potency of the P&I clause, making it a dead letter, and paving the way for "Plessey v Fergesun," Jim Crow, and 90 years of segregation. 

At this point I always think it's very important to note that Republicans were the sole reason the Civil War amendments were passed. Moreover, the only reason the amendments were deemed necessary was the behavior of recalcitrant Democrats in the post-war South, who gave every indication - by doing things like founding the KKK and terrorizing freed blacks - that they had no intention of treating former slaves as equal citizens. And, it was Democrat dominated Supreme Courts that interpreted the Civil War amendments in an overly narrow manner. Thanks a bunch, guys. 

I think it's also necessary to point out that the linked article assiduously goes to great lengths to avoid mentioning the above. 

The real outrage, however, comes from a constitutional "scholar," who lets loose with this cute bit of revisionism: 
Viewed through the Reconstruction prism, the "Constitution turns out to be way more liberal than conservative," says Yale law professor Akhil Reed Amar, a leading proponent of progressive originalism. "The framers of the 14th Amendment were radical redistributionists. The 13th Amendment frees the slaves and there's no compensation," he says. "It's the biggest redistribution of property in history."
That is wrong wrong wrong wrong wrong. 

First of all, does Amar actually believe that Southern slaveholders should have been compensated for their lost "property" i.e. their freed slaves? Does he really think that? Or, is he trying to get credit for the concept of "redistribution" that it doesn't deserve. After all, the post-war Republicans did not see themselves as redistributing wealth. They were freeing humans from bondage and trying to secure equal rights for all!

Second, there were no "slaves" at the time the Civil War amendments were passed. They had already been freed by executive order (the Emancipation Proclamation, for heaven sake), by the US Army, and by statute. The Civil War amendments were passed after it quickly became clear that stiff necked ex-confederates would not allow southern blacks to live freely and peacefully. 

finally, it is of course left unstated what sort of "rights" this sort of legal & historical dodge is supposed to secure. Certainly, the right to privacy would be better secured under P&I, rather than the Due Process Clause (even proponents of the right to privacy admit it is built on constitutional sand). But, more important is the long-term progressive goal of making the entitlements of the welfare state into constitutional rights, rather than matters of statute. FDR's "second bill of rights" can give you an idea of what they are after:

The right to a useful and remunerative job in the industries or shops or farms or mines of the nation;

The right to earn enough to provide adequate food and clothing and recreation;

The right of every farmer to raise and sell his products at a return which will give him and his family a decent living;

The right of every businessman, large and small, to trade in an atmosphere of freedom from unfair competition and domination by monopolies at home or abroad;

The right of every family to a decent home;

The right to adequate medical care and the opportunity to achieve and enjoy good health;

The right to adequate protection from the economic fears of old age, sickness, accident, and unemployment;

The right to a good education

So, do you really think the post-war Republicans who framed the 14th amendment were trying to make sure "every farmer (even Archer Daniels Midland?)" could "raise and sell his products" to earn a "decent living?" Or were trying to secure "the right of every family to a decent home?" and that such rights would be constitutional rights as inalienable as the right to vote or the right to free speech? Doubtful, very doubtful. 

Progressive originalism is yet another legal Trojan Horse from the legal Left. That a person like Amar obviously feels comfortable making historically spurious statements like the above shows the extent to which he would bend history, facts, and the law to achieve his dubious ends. 

J. Madison v B.H. Obama

Federalist 63 (via Byron York)

“There are particular moments in public affairs when the people, stimulated by some irregular passion, or some illicit advantage, or misled by the artful misrepresentations of interested men, may call for measures which they themselves will afterwards be the most ready to lament and condemn. In these critical moments, how salutary will be the interference of some temperate and respectable body of citizens, in order to check the misguided career, and to suspend the blow meditated by the people against themselves, until reason, justice, and truth can regain their authority over the public mind?”
York also says, regarding the 41 GOP Senators: 
"It is their job to help the president in areas where there is widespread agreement that he should be helped, and hold the line on everything else."
GULP!

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