Showing posts with label mortgage relief. Show all posts
Within The Law: Defending Foreclosures
The paperwork mess muddying home foreclosures erupted last month. But the legal strategy behind it traces to a lawyer's gambit in 2006 that has helped keep one couple in their home six years beyond their last mortgage payment.
Lillian and Robert Jackson stopped paying on their home in Jacksonville, Fla., in 2004 when business dropped off at their cleaning company. Eviction might have seemed inevitable when they faced a foreclosure hearing two years later.
But their lawyer, James Kowalski, had the idea of taking a deposition from the signer of the mortgage papers. When a document processor for GMAC Mortgage admitted she routinely signed such papers without being familiar with details of the loans, she was tagged as one of a species now known as robo-signers.
It was a first step in the growth of a legal sub-specialty called foreclosure defense that has sown confusion and turmoil in the housing market. Lawyers in the field now commonly use a technique more identified with corporate litigation: probing depositions, designed to uncover any lapses in judgment, flaws in a process or wrongdoing. In the 23 states where foreclosures entail a court hearing, the bank may be ordered to pay the homeowner's legal bill if a lawyer can convince a judge that the bank has submitted false documents, such as affidavits saying employees personally reviewed the details of loans when they didn't.
The Invisible Hand: Hispanics Disproportionate Levels of Foreclosures
A review of the damage wreaked on California communities by the housing bust shows that Latino households suffered nearly 50 percent of the foreclosures and that loan defaults are concentrated in the state's Central Valley.
That area, which includes the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys, features six of the top 10 California metro areas for foreclosure concentrations, according to the Center for Responsible Lending, which released a comprehensive report Tuesday.
No California communities have experienced a higher percentage of defaults than Modesto, Merced and Stockton - each of which had a foreclosure percentage of around 16 percent between late 2006 and 2009, the study found.
"The signature finding of this report, that there is a disproportionate rate of foreclosures for Latinos, is really stunning," said Paul Leonard, director of the California office for the Center for Responsible Lending. "The data shows that high-cost loans correlate with foreclosures and that there was a big presence of subprime lending to the (Latino) demographic and in areas where there are concentrations of Latinos."
Surprise Party: Fannie/Freddie To Waive Underwater Mortgages?
Main Street may be about to get its own gigantic bailout. Rumors are running wild from Washington to Wall Street that the Obama administration is about to order government-controlled lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to forgive a portion of the mortgage debt of millions of Americans who owe more than what their homes are worth. An estimated 15 million U.S. mortgages – one in five – are underwater with negative equity of some $800 billion. Recall that on Christmas Eve 2009, the Treasury Department waived a $400 billion limit on financial assistance to Fannie and Freddie, pledging unlimited help. The actual vehicle for the bailout could be the Bush-era Home Affordable Refinance Program, or HARP, a sister program to Obama’s loan modification effort. HARP was just extended through June 30, 2011.
A Bad Debt Follows A Bad Choice
Lots of praise around the Internets for this story by NT Times Business Correspondent Edmond Andrews, and his financial struggles with high credit card debt and the increasing demands of a sub-prime mortgage. It's written in a "I coudn't believe this happened to me, thus it could happen to you" style. People have been praising Andrews' bravery for admitting something most people in his position would be loath to admit to: that, despite his prestigious job and high income, he actually can't afford the trappings of a middle class life.
This post from Megan McCardle, who sympathizes as a fellow writer living on the budgetary edge is typical: Debt: A Writers LifeThis is the bravest thing I've read for a long, long time. For a reporter--an economic reporter--to admit that he's been in the hell of excess debt and unpaid bills that he reports on is a major statement in middle class America. There was a time when America tolerated a certain amount of this in its writers--one reads nearly approvingly of the repeatedflirtations with bankruptcy undertaken by the likes of Dorothy Parker or F. Scott Fitzgerald. But these days, their profligacy, like their alcoholism, is no longer admired, or even tolerated, in the editorial world.
Now, it is true that there are plenty of profligate people out there who got in over their heads buying Hummers and jet skis on a beer budget. But, most of the debtors I see in my practice are in a hole because of a disruptive and/or unexpected event - a major illness, a job loss, the death of a spouse, a pregnancy, moving to San Francisco - that caused their carefully wrought balance between income and debt servicing to go awry, finally leading to the death spiral of increased debt as their interest payments skyrocketed with every missed payment. People don't become overwhelmed with debt because they are "writers" or some such. And in Andrews case, the reason was not his job; it was a woman.
I had two utterly compelling reasons for taking the plunge: the money was there, and I was in love. It was August 2004, just as the mortgage party was getting really good. I was 48 years old and eager to start a new chapter in my life with Patricia Barreiro, who was then my fiancée.Patty was brainy, regal, sexy, fiery and eclectic. She was one of my closest friends when we were both students at an American high school in Argentina. Back then, we would talk together about politics and books at a coffee shop every day after school. We were not romantic in those days and went our separate ways after high school. But each of us would go through bruising two-decade-long marriages, and we felt that sweet spark of remembrance and renewal upon meeting again in middle age.
(snip)
The only problem was money. Having separated from my wife of 21 years, who had physical custody of our sons, I was handing over $4,000 a month in alimony and child-support payments. That left me with take-home pay of $2,777, barely enough to make ends meet in a one-bedroom rental apartment.
In other words, Andrews was supporting himself, two adult women, and three teenagers on his $120,000/yr salary from the NY Times. He's a little vague about when his alimony payments began, but - reading between the lines - it appears as if his divorce and "reconnection" with the sexyfierceclectic Patty came close upon each other's heels and were perhaps related. Regardless, Andrews was struggling because of his alimony payments, not because of his job or his mortgage.
It's a reminder that, for all the flaggellant talk of "profligate Americans," debts are often not the result of unbridled greed and piggish consumption, but arise from personal circumstances, whether self-caused or arising from life's little Black Swans.
Anarchy for the U.S.
Civil disobedience used to mean Ghandi facing down the British Empire, or elegantly dressed Southern blacks being hosed down by Bull Connnor's deputies. In 2009, it has devolved to mean "reoccupying the house you were just evicted from" with the active assistance of non-profits: With Advocates’ Help, Squatters Call Foreclosures Home
Michael Stoops, executive director of the National Coalition for the Homeless, said about a dozen advocacy groups around the country were actively moving homeless people into vacant homes — some working in secret, others, like Take Back the Land, operating openly.
In addition to squatting, some advocacy groups have organized civil disobedience actions in which borrowers or renters refuse to leave homes after foreclosure.
The groups say that they have sometimes received support from neighbors and that beleaguered police departments have not aggressively gone after squatters.
A New Shadow Falls
How things have changed. We used to worry about the Shadow Banking System. Now, there is rising concern about the Shadow Housing Inventory arising from foreclosed homes that banks do not bring to market: Banks aren't reselling many foreclosed homes
A vast "shadow inventory" of foreclosed homes that banks are holding off the market could wreak havoc with the already battered real estate sector, industry observers say.Lenders nationwide are sitting on hundreds of thousands of foreclosed homes that they have not resold or listed for sale, according to numerous data sources. And foreclosures, which banks unload at fire-sale prices, are a major factor driving home values down."We believe there are in the neighborhood of 600,000 properties nationwide that banks have repossessed but not put on the market," said Rick Sharga, vice president of RealtyTrac, which compiles nationwide statistics on foreclosures. "California probably represents 80,000 of those homes. It could be disastrous if the banks suddenly flooded the market with those distressed properties. You'd have further depreciation and carnage."
No, you would finally have a market price for homes, "Rick." You might not like the price, but it will be a lot more reliable than the bubble prices that you apparently want to maintain so the US can keep up appearances.
In the Bay Area, foreclosures have mostly hit outlying areas, not wealthier SF, Marin, or San Mateo Counties. Housing remains expensive. Still, there is plenty of "shadow inventory" here, too.
In the Bay Area, a Chronicle analysis of data from San Diego's MDA DataQuick shows that more than one-third of foreclosures are in shadow territory - that is, they are not registering in county records as having been resold.
For the 26 months from January 2007 through February 2009, banks repossessed 51,602 homes and condos in the nine-county Bay Area, according to DataQuick. Yet in the same period, only 30,823 foreclosures were resold, leaving about 20,000 bank repos unaccounted for.
There are number of reasons given. On a practical level, it's simply hard to work through the inventory. In "normal" years, there are about 160,000 a year nationwide. Now we are doing that much in 2 months. At the bank, they may be motivated by greed or fear. Greed says to keep the inventory off the market in the hope of getting a better price. Fine, but the anecdotal evidence says foreclosed homes quickly become blighted and unsellable. Fear says to defer sales so you don't take losses all at once. So, after two years worth of banks lying about their balance sheets, they are still... lying about their balance sheets! Good grief.
We have here another example of America's new "Can't Do" spirit. Rather than take losses and allow the market to recover, the banks are keeping housing off market for no better reason than to CYA. It seems absurd to have large numbers of people getting dislocated by foreclosure, while the banks foreclosing on them are sitting on large inventories of empty houses. There isn't a mechanism we can't create to turn dispossessed owners into renters? There aren't consortia of property management companies willing to buy in bulk?
Apparently not. Instead, zombie banks are supporting zombie homes priced at zombie prices so we can try to bring back the bubble fantasy of rapidly appreciating homes forevermore.
The Invisible Hand
Mysterious forces, neither controlled nor understood at the highest levels of gov't, seem to be moving people out of homes they cannot afford, and are replacing them with enigmatic pod-people: folks who can "pay their bills" and who "saved money to achieve long term goals." No one knows what this may imply for the nation's mortgage relief plans: Falling Prices Draw First-Time Home Buyers
While her friends ran up credit card debt and bought show homes beyond their means, Taina Goldman saved for a down payment. She moved back in with her parents, sharing a room with her young daughter, ate in and worked two jobs“I don’t live dangerously,” said Ms. Goldman, 42, a nurse. “You can’t live on ‘what if.’ ”
Now, she is reaping the rewards. She and her daughter recently moved into a three-bedroom, two-bathroom ranch-style house, with a pool, after putting 20 percent down and persuading the seller to cover most of her closing costs. She paid $187,000 for a house that sold in July 2006 for $370,000.
Relieve Me From Mortgage Relief!, pt 2
obama's mortgage relief plan, wherein the gov't would "help" over-extended people with their mortgages, has hit a snag: Homeowner-Aid Plan Caught in Second-Loan Spat
The Obama administration's $75 billion effort to help troubled homeowners avoid foreclosure has hit a stumbling block: a fight over how to aid borrowers who have more than one home loan.
The Treasury Department, scrambling to address the problem, is trying to persuade lenders to forgive or greatly reduce so-called second liens. But that effort has sparked a fight between investors who own securities backed by first mortgages and banks that hold second mortgages over how losses should be shared.
More Obfuscatory Outrage
Fannie Is Handing Out Its Own Sizable Retention Payouts. It is unclear whether (a) anyone has noticed and (b) whether this will gin up the same level of faux-rage from the political class that abetted this outcome through credit bubbles, market intervention, and bailouts.
In the spring of 2001, when I was working as a member of the editorial board at The Wall Street Journal, Franklin Raines, then CEO of Fannie Mae, dropped by for lunch...Raines told us about his great work to provide affordable housing. We listened, and then Susan and I objected that his scheme put taxpayers on the hook. Raines said it would not cost the taxpayers a dime. We argued that there was an implied taxpayer guarantee. Credit here goes to Susan, who took the lead in this discussion, and followed up with stellar reporting (more on that here) on the horrors lurking inside Fannie.What sticks with me in particular, though, is the final scene of that long-ago lunch. The conversation got heated enough so that we continued arguing after Raines rose from the table to go. He was touting his achievements at Fannie Mae; we were fretting that his promises were too good to be true. Susan and I walked out of the conference room together, and watched Raines walk down the hall to the closet where he’d left his coat. We watched him fish out of that closet one of the most gorgeously well-tailored raincoats I’d ever seen. He put on that ultimate designer-job of a raincoat and walked out the door, and as he went, I asked Susan, “How much do you think that raincoat cost.” The gist of her reply (I do not remember her exact words) was: Plenty, and we’re going to pay for it.
An Idea That Is Hard To Resist
Capital Commerce finds a facebook page with a suggestion for The Next Bailout: Cancel U.S. Student Loans. It's an appealing thought.
Some of us have taken advantage of Federal Stafford Loans and other programs, including private loans, to finance higher education, presumably with the understanding that an advanced degree equates with higher earning power in the future. Many of us go into public service after attaining such degrees, something that's also repeatedly proclaimed as something society should encourage. Yet, the loans we've accrued to obtain such degrees have crippled our ability to reap the benefits of our educations, causing many to make the unfortunate choice of leaving public service so as to earn enough money to pay off that debt. ...As I said, it's appealing. The President and his wife have each complained publicly about the burden that their student loans imposed on them. Certainly, there are a lot of people burdened by tens of thousands of dollars of educational debt, which will follow them through thick and thin. But, without pointing any fingers, I think we also know a lot of people who took out student loans to go on Spring Break.
The business about having to leave "public service" (really, they mean non-profit work. College educated gov't employees do just fine when you add up their pensions and fringe benefits) is probably true, too. But this also hints at the "puffery" that colleges and grad schools - especially private schools - engage in. Their tuitions are always outrageously high. But, they often feed the students a steady diet of lessons about how "public interest" work is the place to be because, for many lower-tier schools, public interest and non-profits are the leading employers who show up on Career Day. And those jobs are too far down the wage scale to allow a person in their twenties to immediately begin making loan payments of the size many face.
Still, I think a no-strings amnesty for student loans would be yet another middle class subsidy that we can't afford, and would involve lower income people bailing out those who are better educated and better positioned in life. Some of us (you might want to sit down) went to state schools, where we were able to get a good low-cost education if we were willing to live modestly and work at part-time jobs. Often, that was born of economic necessity.
Speaking for myself, I spent one year at a semi-prestigous "private university before finishing at San Francisco State. My total expenses - tuition, room & board, etc. - for 3 years at State still did not exceed the thousands of dollars my parents spent to send me to Private U for one year. Why in the world should I now be subsidizing the education of someone who spent 4X more than I did to get the same education? Why should someone with a high school education subsidize the education of his boss? It really makes no sense, no matter how appealing it sounds.
Relieve Me From Mortgage Relief, pt 2
As a follow up to my previous post RE: the Big Mortgage Plan (BMP), Captain Ed notes that the BMP will extend its "help" to second mortgages, known popularly as Home Equity Loans or "$50K to pay for The Little Princess' Wedding." Sounds "fair" and "helpful."
In a completely unrelated turn events, the Dow has fallen another 3.2% as of 11:30 EST.
Relieve Me From Mortgage Relief!
I am having trouble ginning up the sympathy that the NY Times is trying so hard to establish for this "troubled" homeowner:
Chadi Moussa lives in a house valued at more than $1 million in Dublin, Calif., in the desirable East Bay area. Unfortunately, he owes nearly twice that much on his mortgage. Mr. Moussa, who runs a used luxury car dealership, is by any definition a troubled homeowner.
But when he looked at President Obama’s housing rescue plan, he saw nothing for him because his mortgage was too high.
“You give $25 billion to a bank, at least they should help people stay in their homes,” Mr. Moussa said. “But once you get to big loans, nobody’s doing anything about it.”
For Mark Klepper, 50, who lives in Miami, buying a big house was a way to establish credit to start a business. In 2004 he bought a home for $585,000, and watched its value rise to $1.4 million. After refinancing twice, he owes $1,064,000. But the home is now worth a little more than he paid for it, and his income has fallen by 40 percent. He stopped paying his mortgage in January. If he were to continue paying, he said, the drain would crush his business. The government’s plan does not help him.
“I feel if there’s a plan out there, there shouldn’t be a limit,” Mr. Klepper said. “If the government is helping these lenders, they need to take some principal write-downs.”
He asked his lender to reduce his balance to $600,000 and his rate to 4 percent, but so far has made no headway.
”Even with refinancing and loan modifications, many borrowers will still end up in foreclosure, said Christopher A. Viale, president of the Cambridge Credit Counseling Corporation, a nonprofit agency in Agawam, Mass.
“There’s 10 million households that aren’t being talked about, and they aren’t going to be helped at all,” Mr. Viale said. “They aren’t behind on their mortgages, but they’re putting everything on their credit cards, they’re making minimum payments and paying penalty rates, and there’s no way they can pay off the interest.”
In the past, these homeowners might have refinanced their homes to pay down this debt, but that is no longer an option. “They need reductions of 30 or 40 percent” on their mortgage payments, Mr. Viale said.